Culture & Etiquette

1. کانٛگٕر

   Kāngụr

   Kangri (wicker fire pot)

   Usage

   A clay pot of hot coals in a wicker basket, held under the clothes for warmth in winter.

   Grammar Note

   The spelling matches the en.wiktionary headword (kāngụr) and is also used on ks.wikipedia.

2. پھؠرَن

   Phyaran

   Pheran (long Kashmiri cloak)

   Usage

   A loose, long cloak worn by men and women in winter, with a kangri held underneath.

   Grammar Note

   The spelling matches the en.wiktionary headword (phyaran) and is also used on ks.wikipedia.

3. سَماوار

   Samāvār

   Samovar

   Usage

   A metal vessel with a charcoal core used to heat water and brew tea, including noon chai.

   Grammar Note

   The spelling matches the en.wiktionary headword (samāvār) and is also used on ks.wikipedia.

4. ڈُنٛگہٕ

   Ḍungụ

   Dunga (houseboat)

   Usage

   A wooden boat built to live in. Moored on Dal and Nigeen lakes, many take guests.

   Grammar Note

   Spelled as in ks.wikipedia (ڈُنٛگہٕ) . The romanization follows the app scheme, derived from the vowel marks.

5. کٲشُر شال

   Kạ̄śur śāl

   Kashmiri shawl

   Usage

   A hand-woven Kashmiri shawl made from fine wool such as pashmina.

   Grammar Note

   Spelled as in ks.wikipedia (کٲشُر شال). The romanization follows the app scheme, derived from the vowel marks.

6. پَشمیٖنہٕ

   Paśmīnụ

   Pashmina (fine wool)

   Usage

   A soft cloth woven from the fine hair of mountain goats. Used for shawls.

   Grammar Note

   Spelled as in ks.wikipedia (پَشمیٖنہٕ). The romanization follows the app scheme, derived from the vowel marks.

7. سَنٛتوٗر

   Santūr

   Santoor (hammered dulcimer)

   Usage

   A stringed instrument struck with small mallets, used in Kashmir's Sufiana music.

   Grammar Note

   Spelled as in ks.wikipedia (سَنٛتوٗر). The romanization follows the app scheme, derived from the vowel marks.

8. رُباب

   Rubāb

   Rubab (lute)

   Usage

   A big-bodied Kashmiri stringed instrument played in folk music.

   Grammar Note

   Spelled as in ks.wikipedia (رُباب). The romanization follows the app scheme, derived from the vowel marks.

9. کٲشُر زَبان

   Kạ̄śur zabān

   Kashmiri language

   Usage

   The language of the Kashmir Valley. Use it to say or ask the name of the language.

   Grammar Note

   Spelled as in ks.wikipedia (کٲشُر زَبان). The romanization follows the app scheme, derived from the vowel marks.

10. کٲشُر ادَب

    Kạ̄śur adab

    Kashmiri literature

    Usage

    Poetry and stories written in Kashmiri, with a long tradition of verse.

    Grammar Note

    Spelled as in ks.wikipedia (کٲشُر ادَب). The romanization follows the app scheme, derived from the vowel marks.

11. کٲشُر موٗسیٖقی

    Kạ̄śur mūsīqī

    Kashmiri music

    Usage

    Music built around Sufi songs with the santoor and rubab.

    Grammar Note

    Spelled as in ks.wikipedia (کٲشُر موٗسیٖقی). The romanization follows the app scheme, derived from the vowel marks.

12. حَبہٕ خاتون

    Habba Khatoon

    Habba Khatoon (16th-century poet)

    Usage

    A sixteenth-century woman poet whose songs of love and parting are still sung.

    Grammar Note

    Spelled as the ks.wikipedia title حَبہٕ خاتون. The romanization is the common English spelling.

13. مَہجوٗر

    Mahjoor

    Mahjoor (modern poet)

    Usage

    A Kashmiri poet of the early twentieth century, regarded as a founder of modern Kashmiri verse.

    Grammar Note

    Spelled as the ks.wikipedia title مَہجوٗر. The romanization is the common English spelling.

14. رَسوٗل میٖر

    Rasul Mir

    Rasul Mir (19th-century poet)

    Usage

    A nineteenth-century Kashmiri poet known for his love songs.

    Grammar Note

    Spelled as the ks.wikipedia title رَسوٗل میٖر. The romanization is the common English spelling.

15. نند ریٖشی

    Nund Reshi

    Nund Reshi (Sheikh Nooruddin)

    Usage

    A fifteenth-century Sufi saint and poet, revered as the patron saint of the Valley.

    Grammar Note

    Spelled as the ks.wikipedia title نند ریٖشی. The romanization is the common English spelling.

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